Health related quality of life scales in women diagnosed with gynecological and breast cancer: the role of resilience. A systematic review

Objective: Resilience and health-related quality of life are factors to be valued today in all types of patients for their relationship to well-being and health. Any stressful situation can significantly impact quality of life and resilience and there are numerous scales to rate these aspects. The main objective of this review is to describe the most used health-related quality of life and resilience scales in gynecological and breast cancer patients to highlight the limitations. Data sources: A review of literature in Pubmed, MEDLINE, Cochrane Database and Google Scholar was carried out to identify articles on health-related quality of life in oncological patients published in English between 2000 and 2020. Methods of study selection: The review was done following the PRISMA guidelines. Tabulation: A total of 460 papers were identified using MeSH terms but finally, according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, we evaluated 41. Integration and results: Questionnaires have a good performance to quantify qual-ity of life and resilience in oncological patients in general. However, most publications were not focused on patients with gynecological cancer. Conclusions: Due to the particularities of the group of patients with gynecologic and breast cancer secondary to their treatment significantly affecting several areas and domains, it is necessary to validate specific scales for them in order to offer these patients the correct management of their disease at all levels. The role of resilience, premature and iatrogenic menopause and mutilating surgeries are essential to understand the uniqueness of health-related quality of life in gynecological and breast cancer patients.

Resilience; Health related quality of life; Gynecological cancer; Breast cancer

[1] Levine MN, Ganz PA. Beyond the development of quality-of-life instruments: where do we go from here? Journal of Clinical Oncology. 2002; 20: 2215–2216.

[2] Eicher M, Matzka M, Dubey C, White K. Resilience in Adult Cancer Care: an Integrative Literature Review. Oncology Nursing Forum. 2015; 42: E3–E16.

[3] Chang Y, Chuang C, Chien C, Huang X, Liang S, Liu C. Factors related to changes in resilience and distress in women with endometrial cancer. Archives of Women’s Mental Health. 2020; 24: 413–421.

[4] Aizpurua-Perez I, Perez-Tejada J. Resilience in women with breast cancer: a systematic review. European Journal of Oncology Nursing. 2020; 49: 101854.

[5] United Nations Development Programme. Sustaining human progress: reducing vulnerability and building resilience. New York, NY, USA. 2014.

[6] Marino JL, Saunders CM, Emery LI, Green H, Doherty DA, Hickey M. Nature and severity of menopausal symptoms and their impact on quality of life and sexual function in cancer survivors compared with women without a cancer history. Menopause. 2014; 21: 267–274.

[7] Taylor-Swanson L, Wong AE, Pincus D, Butner JE, Hahn-Holbrook J, Koithan M, et al. The dynamics of stress and fatigue across menopause: attractors, coupling, and resilience. Menopause. 2018; 25: 380–390.

[8] Wagnild GM. The Resilience Scale User’s Guide for the US En-glish Version of the Resilience Scale and the 14-Item Resilience Scale (RS-14). The Resilience Center. 2009.

[9] Coronado PJ, Oliva A, Fasero M, Piñel C, Herraiz MA, Pérez-López FR. Resilience and related factors in urban, mid-aged Spanish women. Climacteric. 2015; 18: 867–872.

[10] Perez-Lopez FR, Perez-Roncero G, Fernandez-Iñarrea J, Fernandez-Alonso AM, Chedraui P, Llaneza P, et al. Resilience, depressed mood, and menopausal women. Menopause. 2014; 21: 159–164.

[11] Connor KM, Davidson JRT. Development of a new resilience scale: the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). Depression and Anxiety. 2003; 18: 76–82.

[12] Mokhatri-Hesari P, Montazeri A. Health-related quality of life in breast cancer patients: review of reviews from 2008 to 2018. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes. 2020; 18: 338.

[13] Afiyanti Y, Besral, Haryani. The quality of life of Indonesian women with gynecological cancer. Enfermería ClíNica. 2020; 30: 65–69.

[14] Manrique Fuentes MG, Salamanca Ballesteros A, Gallo Vallejo JL. Herencia y genética del cáncer ginecológico. ClíNica E Inves-tigacióN En Ginecología Y Obstetricia. 2013; 40: 167–175. (In Spanish)

[15] Shirali E, Yarandi F, Ghaemi M, Montazeri A. Quality of Life in Patients with Gynecological Cancers: a Web-Based Study. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention. 2020; 21: 1969–1975.

[16] Ferlay J, Colombet M, Soerjomataram I, Mathers C, Parkin DM, Piñeros M, et al. Estimating the global cancer incidence and mortality in 2018: GLOBOCAN sources and methods. International Journal of Cancer. 2018; 144: 1941–1953.

[17] WHO. Cancer Mortality Database. 2019. Available at: https://www- dep.iarc.fr/whodb/whodb.htm (Accessed: 20 December 2020).

[18] Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE). Defunciones según la causa de muerte, año 2018. 2018. Available at: https://www.ine.es (Accessed: 20 December 2020).

[19] REDECAN. Red Española de Registros de Cáncer. 2019. Available at: https://redecan.org/es (Accessed: 20 December 2020).

[20] López-Abente G, Aragonés N, Pérez-Gómez B, Pollán M, García-Pérez J, Ramis R, et al. Time trends in municipal distribution patterns of cancer mortality in Spain. BMC Cancer. 2014; 14: 535.

[21] Torre LA, Bray F, Siegel RL, Ferlay J, Lortet-Tieulent J, Jemal A. Global cancer statistics, 2012. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians. 2015; 65: 87–108.

[22] Chedraui P, Pérez-López FR, Schwager G, Sánchez H, Aguirre W, Martínez N, et al. Resilience and related factors during female Ecuadorian mid-life. Maturitas. 2012; 72: 152–156.

[23] Grupo de la OMS sobre la calidad de vida. La gente y la salud. ¿Qué calidad de vida? Revista Internacional Desarrollo Sanitario. 1996;17: 385–387. (In Spanish)

[24] Weinstein MC, Torrance G, McGuire A. QALYs: the Basics. Value in Health. 2009; 12: S5–S9.

[25] Coronado PJ, Sánchez-Borrego R, Ruiz MA, Baquedano L, Sánchez S, Argudo C, et al. Psychometric attributes of the Cer-vantes short-form questionnaire for measuring health-related quality of life in menopausal women. Maturitas. 2016; 84: 55–62.

[26] Oliva A, García-Cebrián JM, Calatayud EF, Serrano-García I, Herraiz MA, Coronado PJ. A comparison of quality of life and resilience in menopausal women with and without a history of gynaecological cancer. Maturitas. 2019; 120: 35–39.

[27] Padierna C, Fernández-Rodríguez C. Instrumentos de evaluación de calidad de vida en pacientes oncológicos terminales: Revisión bibliométrica (1988–2000). Oncología. 2001; 24: 235–246.

[28] Bonomi AE, Patrick DL, Bushnell DM, Martin M. Validation of the United States’ version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL) instrument. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. 2000; 53: 1–12.

[29] Aaronson NK, Ahmedzai S, Bergman B, Bullinger M, Cull A, Duez NJ, et al. The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer QLQ-C30: a quality-of-life instrument for use in international clinical trials in oncology. Journal of the National Cancer Institute. 1993; 85: 365–376.

[30] Yu CL, Fielding R, Chan CL, Tse VK, Choi PH, Lau WH, et al. Measuring quality of life of Chinese cancer patients: a validation of the Chinese version of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (FACT-G) scale. Cancer. 2000; 88: 1715–1727.

[31] Alonso J, Prieto L, Ferrer M, Vilagut G, Broquetas JM, Roca J, et al. Testing the Measurement Properties of the Spanish Version of the SF-36 Health Survey among Male Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. 1998; 51: 1087–1094.

[32] Kopp M, Schweigkofler H, Holzner B, Nachbaur D, Niederwieser D, Fleischhacker WW, et al. EORTC QLQ-C30 and FACT-BMT for the measurement of quality of life in bone marrow transplant recipients: a comparison. European Journal of Haematology. 2000; 65: 97–103.

[33] Bjordal K, Ahlner-Elmqvist M, Tollesson E, Jensen AB, Razavi D, Maher EJ, et al. Development of a European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) questionnaire module to be used in quality of life assessments in head and neck cancer patients. EORTC Quality of Life Study Group. Acta Oncologica. 1994; 33: 879–885.

[34] Sprangers MA, Cull A, Groenvold M, Bjordal K, Blazeby J, Aaronson NK. The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer approach to developing questionnaire modules: an update and overview. EORTC Quality Life Study Group. Quality of Life Research. 1998; 7: 291–300.

[35] Jyani G, Chauhan AS, Rai B, Ghoshal S, Srinivasan R, Prinja S. Health-related quality of life among cervical cancer patients in India. International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer. 2020; 30: 1887–1892.

[36] Karataşlı V, Can B, Çakır İ, Erkılınç S, Kuru O, Gökçü M, et al. Life quality of endometrioid endometrial cancer survivors: a cross-sectional study. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. 2020; 41: 621–625.

[37] Cella DF, Tulsky DS, Gray G, Sarafian B, Linn E, Bonomi A, et al. The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy scale: development and validation of the general measure. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 1993; 11: 570–579.

[38] Ware JE, Snow KK, Kosinski M, Gandek B. SF-36 Health Survey. Manual and Interpretation Guide. QualityMetric: Lincoln, RI. 2000.

[39] Tian J, Hong JS. Validation of the Chinese version of the resilience scale and its cutoff score for detecting low resilience in Chinese cancer patients. Supportive Care in Cancer. 2013; 21: 1497–1502.

[40] Boling W, Fouladi RT, Basen-Engquist K. Health-related quality of life in gynecological oncology: instruments and psychometric properties. International Journal of Gynecological Cancer. 2003; 13: 5–14.

[41] Valdelamar J, Valdelamar A, Fontibón L, Acosta L, Sánchez R. Comparación de las escalas EQ-5D y FACT-G en la evaluación de la calidad de vida en pacientes colombianos con cáncer. Avances en Psicología Latinoamericana. 2015; 33: 413–421. (In Spanish)