Efficacy of recombinant human interferon α-2b combined with cervical loop electrosurgical excision procedure in the treatment of cervical precancerous lesions

Background: This study explores the efficacy of combining recombinant human interferon α-2b with the cervical loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) in the treatment of cervical precancerous lesions. Methods: Clinical data from 100 patients treated for cervical precancerous lesions at our hospital from January 2021 to January 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups based on treatment method: an experimental group (50 cases) and a control group (50 cases). The control group received LEEP using a high-frequency electric knife, while the experimental group was treated with LEEP combined with recombinant human interferon α-2b gel. The differences in efficacy between the two groups were compared. Results: The experimental group demonstrated a significantly higher overall effective rate compared to the control group (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of surgical complications between the two groups (p > 0.05). At 6 months and 1 year after surgery, the experimental group exhibited a lower recurrence rate and a higher clearance rate of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Three months after treatment, the scores for environment, social relationships, physiology and psychology in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Combining LEEP with recombinant human interferon α-2b in patients with cervical precancerous lesions effectively eliminates HPV, improves quality of life, reduces complications and recurrence and is safe for medication.

Cervical loop electrosurgical excision procedure; Cervical precancerous lesion; Recombinant human interferon α-2b

[1] Abera GB, Yebyo HG, Hailekiros H, Niguse S, Berhe Y, Gigar G, et al. Epidemiology of pre-cancerous cervical lesion and risk factors among adult women in Tigray, Ethiopia. PLOS ONE. 2023; 18: e0280191.

[2] Nuer-Allornuvor GF, Alolga RN, Liang S, Ling Z, Jingjing W, Xu BQ, et al. GC-MS-based untargeted plasma metabolomics identifies a 2-biomarker panel for possible diagnosis of precancerous cervical intraepithelial neoplasia stages from cervical cancer. Scientific Reports. 2024; 14: 17649.

[3] Deng Y, Jiang H, Wu D. Association of MicroRNA-10b expression and P16 with pathological features in various stages of cervical precancerous lesions. Cellular and Molecular Biology. 2023; 69: 109–113.

[4] Cui X, Yang D, Zhang J, Zhao Y, Cui Z, Wang C, et al. Clinical value of optical coherence tomography in the early diagnosis of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions: a cross-sectional study. Frontiers in Oncology. 2024; 14: 1423128.

[5] Effah K, Tekpor E, Wormenor CM, Bosoka SA, Afetor M, Dugbazah AE, et al. Expanding management strategies for cervical precancerous lesions in resource-limited settings: insights from a training center in a district hospital in Ghana. BMC Women’s Health. 2024; 24: 428.

[6] Minxia W, Zhixue Y. Selective applications of excisional surgical treatments of cervical precancers. Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinical Medicine. 2023; 3: 198–202.

[7] Kenzhetaeva T, Lukyanenko NS, Kaliakpar DM, Dolinnaya VT, Tkachenko O. The effect of immunomodulatory therapy with recombinant human interferon alpha-2β on blood cytokine levels in children with recurrent episodes of acute obstructive bronchitis. Clinical and Experimental Immunology. 2023; 213: 310–316.

[8] Liu J, Chen H, Peng X. Efficacy and safety of thermocoagulation vs. cryotherapy for cervical precancerous lesions: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical and Experimental Obstetrics & Gynecology. 2024; 51: 72.

[9] Almarabheh A, Salah AB, Alghamdi M, Al Saleh A, Elbarbary A, Al Qashar A, et al. Validity and reliability of the WHOQOL-BREF in the measurement of the quality of life of Sickle disease patients in Bahrain. Frontiers in Psychology. 2023; 14: 1219576.

[10] Derbie A, Amare B, Misgan E, Nibret E, Maier M, Woldeamanuel Y, et al. Histopathological profile of cervical punch biopsies and risk factors associated with high-grade cervical precancerous lesions and cancer in northwest Ethiopia. PLOS ONE. 2022; 17: e0274466.

[11] Srijarusith N, Rodpenpear N. The appropriate of cone depth in loop electrical excision procedure (LEEP) for negative pathological margin from high grade precancerous lesion of cervix, retrospective study. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention. 2022; 23: 659–664.

[12] Đurđević S, Nišević J. Loop electrosurgical excision in the treatment of precancerous lesions of the cervix. Medical Examination. 2021; 74: 226–231.

[13] He C, Song C, Li M, Ma W, Sun S. Meta-analysis of the effect and safety of recombinant human interferon α-2b combined with Baofukang suppository in the treatment of HPV infection. American Journal of Translational Research. 2022; 14: 7632–7642.

[14] Ding W, Li X, Ji B, Wang Z. Functions of traditional Chinese medicine combined with recombinant human interferon α2b in cervical intraepithelial neoplasias patients. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2021; 2021: 6881720.

[15] Li H, Mei SS, Mao PY, Wang XY, Yang HD. Hysteroscopic cervical biopsy for women with persistent human papillomavirus infection after loop electrosurgical excision procedure: a case report. World Journal of Clinical Cases. 2024; 12: 4777–4782.

[16] Wang X, Xu X, Ma Y, Tang Y, Huang Z. Comparative study of 5-Aminolevulinic acid-mediated photodynamic therapy and the loop electrosurgical excision procedure for the treatment of cervical high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions. Pharmaceutics. 2024; 16: 686.

[17] Song S, Li W, Liang W, Tian X. The effects of Chinese herbal decoction combined with recombinant human interferon α2b on MRI imaging, tumor markers, and immune function in patients with renal cell carcinoma. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2021; 2021: 8106974.

[18] Cai H, Yang C, Ding Z, Lou Y. Effect of 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy versus loop electrosurgical excision procedure for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 treatment. Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy. 2024; 47: 104107.

[19] Cho A, Kim MY, Park IS, Park CM. A retrospective study for long-term oncologic and obstetric outcomes in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia treated with loop electrosurgical excision procedure: focus on surgical margin and human papillomavirus. BMC Women’s Health. 2024; 24: 116.

[20] Sinchikhin SP, Stepanyan LV, Proskurina EV, Nasri O, Sinchikhina ES. Prophylactic efficacy of recombinant interferon alfa-2b in pregnant women during their stay in the family with SARS-CoV-2 infection: prospective study. Gynecology. 2022; 24: 114–119.

[21] Ghaffari R, Barijani S, Alivand A, Latifi G, Ghassemi H, Zarei-Ghanavati M, et al. Recombinant interferon alpha-2b as primary treatment for ocular surface squamous neoplasia. Journal of Current Ophthalmology. 2021; 33: 260–265.