Expression and clinical significance of CSAD in type I endometrial carcinoma

Background: Cysteine sulfinate decarboxylase (CSAD) has been implicated in cancer progression based on recent studies, yet its specific role in type I endometrial carcinoma (EC), the most prevalent subtype of endometrial cancer, remains poorly understood. Notably, the incidence of type I EC has been on the rise, and patient prognosis is significantly influenced by the stage of the disease at diagnosis as well as other clinicopathological parameters. Methods: The study involved 350 endometrium lesion patients at Zhejiang University’s Women’s Hospital. Immunochemical staining was performed on samples of normal endometrium (NE), atypical endometrial hyperplasia (AEH), and type I EC. The study evaluated the association of CSAD staining with clinical characteristics and patient survival. Results: CSAD expression in type I EC was elevated in comparison with NE, and increased expression correlates with Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stages, Lymph vascular space invasion (LVSI), and Lymph node metastasis (LNM). High CSAD levels are associated with poor disease-free survival and overall survival. Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) can decrease CSAD expression, inhibit cancer cell proliferation, and affect B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) and BCL2-Associated X (BAX) protein expression. Conclusions: Our research indicates that higher levels of CSAD expression in type I EC was significantly associated with some clinical variables indicating poor prognosis and survival rate in patients with type I EC. patients and could promote cancer cell growth by affecting cell apoptosis rate.

Cysteine sulfinate; Decarboxylase; Type I endometrial carcinoma; Prognosis; Proliferation; Apoptosis

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