Title
Author
DOI
Article Type
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Breast-like cancer of the vulva: primary or metastatic? A case report and review of the literature
1Pathology Department, General Clinic, Thessalonikt, and Laboratory of Histology and Embryology, Medical Faculty, Aristolelian University of Thessaloniki, Greece
*Corresponding Author(s): D. Miliaras E-mail:
A 45-year-old white female presented a polypoid nodule in the vulva, one year after she was operated on for breast cancer. Histologic examination showed a poorly differentiated carcinoma that closely resembled the primary breast tumor. Eight similar cases have been previously described in the literature. This very rare event should be differentiated from primary adenocarcinoma of the mammary-like glands of the vulva. The recognition of such a lesion as primary or metastatic is very important, since it greatly influences management and prognosis.
Breast carcinoma; Vulva; Metastasis; Mammary-like glands
D. Miliaras. Breast-like cancer of the vulva: primary or metastatic? A case report and review of the literature. European Journal of Gynaecological Oncology. 2002. 23(4);350-352.
[1] Parker S.L .,T ong T., Bolden S.,W ingo P.A.: "Cancer Statistics, 1997". CA Cancer J. Clin., 1997, 47, 5.
[2] Cifuentes N., Pickren J. W.: "Metastases from carcinoma of mammary gland.A n autopsy study". J. Surg. Oncol., 1979, 11 , 193.
[3] MazurT.,H sueh S., Gersell D. J.: "Metastases to the female genital tract:A nalysis of 325 cases". 1978, Cancer, 1984, 53, 1978.
[4] Convington E. E., Brendle W. K.: " Breast carcinoma with vulvar metastases". Ohstet. Gynecol., 1964, 23, 910.
[5] Dehner L. P.: "Metastatic and secondary tumors of the vulva" Ohstet. Gynecol., 1973, 42, 47.
[6] Mader M. H., Friedrich E. G.: "Yul var metastasis of breast camnoma: a case report". J. Reprod. Med., 1982, 2, 169.
[7] Cohen R., Margolius K. A., Guidozzi F.: "Non-gynaecological metastases to the vulva and vagina". S. Afr. Med. J., 1988, 73, 159.
[8] Patsner B.: "Bartbolin's gland metastases from breast cancer: a case report". Eur. J. Gynaecol. Oneal., 1996, 17, 96.
[9] CurtinW .M .,M urthy B.:''Vulvar metastasis of breast carcinoma. A case report". J. Reprod. Med., 1997, 42, 61.
[10] Menzin A. W., De Risi D., Smilari T. F., Kalish P. E., Vinciguerra V.: "Lobular breast carcinoma metastatic to the vulva: a case report and literature review". Gynecol. Oncol., 1998, 69, 84.
[11] Porzio G., FicorellaC .,C alvisi G.,P arisI ., Ricevuto E.,M archetti P.: " Ductal breast carcinoma metastatic to the vulva: a case report". Ew: J. Gynaecol. Oneal., 2001, 22, 147.
[12] Cho D.. Buscema J., RosenheinN .B., Woodruff J.D.: "Primary breast cancer of the vulva". Obstet., Gynecol., 1985, 66 (3 Suppl), 79S.
[13] Simon K. E., Dutcher J. P., Runowicz C. D.,W iemik P. H.: "Adenocarcinoma arising in vulvar breast tissue". Cancer, 1988, 62, 2234.
[14] Levin M.,P akarakas R. M.,C hang H.A .,M aimanM ., Goldberg S. L.: "Primary breast carcinoma of the vulva: a case report and review of the literature". Gynecol. Oneal., 1995. 56, 448.
[15] Kennedy D. A., Hermina M. S., Xanos E.T., Schink J. C., Hafez G. R.: "Infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the vulva". Pathol. Res. Pract., 1997, 193, 723.
[16] Trvin W.P .,C athro H.P., Grosh W.W.. Rice L. W.,A ndersen W A.: "Primary breast carcinoma of the vulva: a case report and literature review". Gynecol. Oncol., 1999, 73, 155.
[17] Neumann I., Strauss H. G., Buchmann J., Koelbl H.: "Ectopic lobular breast cancer of the vulva". Anticancer Res., 2000, 20, 4805.
[18] Gorisek B., Zegura B., Kavalar R., But T., Kra」ncI.: "Primary breast cancer of the vulva: a case report and review of the literature". Wien Klin. Wochenschr., 2000, 112, 855.
[19] Van der Putte S. J. C.: "Mammary-like glands of the vulva and their disorders". Int. J. Gynecol. Pathol., 1994, 13. 150.
[20] Luttges J.. KalbfleischH .,P rinz P.: "Nipple involvement and multicentricity in breast cancer. A study on whole organ sections“ J Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol., 1987, 11, 481.
[21] Holland R., Yeling S.H .,M ravunacM .,H endriks J. H.: "Histologic multifocality of Tis, T l-2 breast carcinomas. Implications for clinical trials of breast-conserving surgery". Cancer, 1985, 56, 979.
[22] UngerM .A ., Rishi M.,Clemmer V. B.,H artman J.L ., Keiper E A.. Greshock J. D. et al.: "Characterization of adjacent breast tumors using oligonucleotide microarrays“ Breast Cancer Res., 2001, 3, 336.
[23] Kim N. G.. Roh J. K., Kim J. H., ChungW. Y., Park C. S., Ktm H.: "Clonality analysis using methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction: a novel method for investigating tumor clonality" Lab. Invest., 1999. 79, 1727.
[24] ZhangL .,E pstein J.,Band P., Berean K.,H ay J.,C heng X., Rosin M. P.: "Local tumor recurrence or emergence of a new primary lesion?A molecular analysis". J. Oral Pathol. Med., 1999. 28, 381.
[25] Heim S.,T eixeira M. R., Dietrich C. U.,P andis N.: "Cytogenetic polyclonality in tumors of the breast". Cancer Genet. Cytogenet., 1997. 95, 16.
[26] Teixeira M. R.,P andis N., Bardi G.,A ndersen J. A.,Heim S.: ''Karyotypic comparisons of multiple tumorous and macroscopically normal surrounding tissue samples from patinets with breast cancer". Cancer Res., 1996, 56, 855.
[27] Pandis N., Teixeira M. R.. Adeyinka A., Rizou H., Bardi G., Mertens F. et al.: "Cytogenetic comparison of primary tumors and lymph node metastases in breast cancer patients". Genes Chromasomes Cancer, 1998, 22, 122.
Science Citation Index Expanded (SciSearch) Created as SCI in 1964, Science Citation Index Expanded now indexes over 9,500 of the world’s most impactful journals across 178 scientific disciplines. More than 53 million records and 1.18 billion cited references date back from 1900 to present.
Biological Abstracts Easily discover critical journal coverage of the life sciences with Biological Abstracts, produced by the Web of Science Group, with topics ranging from botany to microbiology to pharmacology. Including BIOSIS indexing and MeSH terms, specialized indexing in Biological Abstracts helps you to discover more accurate, context-sensitive results.
Google Scholar Google Scholar is a freely accessible web search engine that indexes the full text or metadata of scholarly literature across an array of publishing formats and disciplines.
JournalSeek Genamics JournalSeek is the largest completely categorized database of freely available journal information available on the internet. The database presently contains 39226 titles. Journal information includes the description (aims and scope), journal abbreviation, journal homepage link, subject category and ISSN.
Current Contents - Clinical Medicine Current Contents - Clinical Medicine provides easy access to complete tables of contents, abstracts, bibliographic information and all other significant items in recently published issues from over 1,000 leading journals in clinical medicine.
BIOSIS Previews BIOSIS Previews is an English-language, bibliographic database service, with abstracts and citation indexing. It is part of Clarivate Analytics Web of Science suite. BIOSIS Previews indexes data from 1926 to the present.
Journal Citation Reports/Science Edition Journal Citation Reports/Science Edition aims to evaluate a journal’s value from multiple perspectives including the journal impact factor, descriptive data about a journal’s open access content as well as contributing authors, and provide readers a transparent and publisher-neutral data & statistics information about the journal.
Top